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Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) (1882-1945) was the 32nd president of the United States. FDR was born on January 30, 1882, in Hyde Park, New York. Roosevelt was elected to the US presidency for an unprecedented four terms, more than any other president. He tried to lift America out of the Great Depression by establishing many government programs, including farm relief, Social Security, unemployment insurance, and work-relief program. Roosevelt also improved the U.S.'s relations with Latin America with the "Good Neighbor Policy." In World War II the United States tried to remain neutral, but after Pearl Harbor (when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii) America entered the war, helping defend the Allies (Great Britain, France, USSR, Australia, etc.) against Germany and Japan. Weakened by polio, which he contracted in 1921, Roosevelt died before the war ended, on April 12, 1945, in Warm Springs, Georgia (during his fourth term as president).






Truman, Harry S.
Harry S. Truman (1884-1972) was the 33rd president of the United States. Truman was born on May 8, 1884, in Lamar, Missouri. After FDR died in office (in 1945), Truman became president. He served from 1945 to 1953. In 1945 Truman authorized dropping two atomic bombs on Japan, ending World War II. Truman won the next election for office, although it had been widely predicted that he would lose. In 1950 he sent troops to South Korea (to help protect against invading communist North Korean troops), entering the Korean War. Truman died on December 26, 1972, in Kansas City, Missouri.






Eisenhower, Dwight D.
Dwight David Eisenhower ("Ike") (1890-1969) was the 34th president of the United States. Eisenhower was born on October 14, 1890, in Denison, Texas. Eisenhower had been the Supreme Allied Commander in World War II. During his presidency, Eisenhower increased social welfare programs. Eisenhower worked to bring peace to the world; in 1953, he helped end the Korean War. He helped create the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) in order to stop the spread of communism. In 1954, after the Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in schools was illegal, Eisenhower sent US troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, to help integrate the public schools. He also initiated the construction of the US Interstate Highways (designed for the transport of military troops) in 1956. Eisenhower was president from 1953 until 1961. He died on March 28, 1969, in Washington, D.C.






Kennedy, John F.
John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963) was the 35th president of the United States. Kennedy was born on May 29, 1917, in Brookline, Massachusetts. He was from a powerful family. Kennedy was the first Roman Catholic to become president, and was also the youngest person elected president. When he was 43 years old, Kennedy defeated Richard Nixon for the Presidency. Kennedy was a hero during World War II, serving on a PT boat in the Pacific Ocean. Kennedy served as President from 1961 to 1963. During that time he advanced the U.S. space program and set the goal of putting Americans on the moon by the end of the decade (Americans eventually set foot on the the moon in 1969, meeting Kennedy's goal, but he did not live to see it). Kennedy also supported civil rights for African-Americans, and helped established the Peace Corps. On November 22, 1963, while visiting Dallas, Texas, Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald.






Johnson, Lyndon B.
Lyndon Baines Johnson (1908-1973) was the 36th president of the United States. LBJ was born on August 27, 1908, in Stonewall, Texas. After President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963, Vice-President Johnson became President. In 1964, Johnson was easily elected President. Johnson created a "war on poverty" and escalated the unpopular Vietnam War. Johnson did not run for a second term. Johnson served as President from 1963 until 1969. Johnson died on January 22, 1973, near Johnson City, Texas.






Nixon, Richard M.<s></s>
Richard Milhous Nixon (1913-1994) was the 37th president of the United States. Nixon was born on January 9, 1913, in Yorba Linda, California. He served almost two terms as president (1969-1974). Nixon was the first president to visit China (In 1972); this began a process of developing crucial diplomatic ties with the Chinese communist regime. He also strengthened ties with the Soviet communist regime (early in his pre-presidential career, Nixon had gained popularity by accusing many Americans of being communists). In 1972 Nixon was re-elected by a landslide (beating George McGovern). First escalating the unpopular Vietnam War, Nixon later ended the US involvement in it. In 1974, the Watergate scandal was exposed (Nixon had ordered illegal election campaign activities to help his re-election). In 1974, Congress began the process the impeachment process, but instead, on August 9, 1974, Nixon became the first president to resign from office. Vice-President Gerald Ford then became president.






Ford, Gerald
Gerald R. Ford (1913- 2006) was the 38th president of the United States. Ford was born on July 14, 1913 in Omaha, Nebraska, and grew up in Michigan. Ford is the only president who wasn't elected to the office of President or Vice-President (he served as President from 1974 to 1977). When Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned (after being involved in a scandal), Ford took his place. When Richard Nixon resigned the presidency (after the Watergate scandal), Ford became president. A month later, Ford pardoned Nixon for any crimes he might have committed while in office; many Americans were upset over this decision, but Ford wanted to help the country recover from the trauma of Nixon's Watergate scandal. Ford lost the 1976 presidential election to Jimmy Carter.






Carter, Jimmy
James (Jimmy) Earl Carter, Jr. (1924- ) was the 39th president of the United States, serving from 1977 to 1981. Carter was born on October 1, 1924, in Plains,Georgia. Carter's achievements included creating a new Department of Energy, and negotiating the 1979 Camp David Agreement. Sixty-three Americans were taken hostage in Iran during Carter's term; this crisis together with stagflation (rising prices with stagnant wages), his boycotting the Olympics, and the gas crisis made Carter's popularity decline. Carter ran for president again in 1980, but Ronald Reagan was elected.






Reagan, Ronald Wilson
Ronald Reagan was the 40th president of the United States of America (from 1981 to 1989); his Vice-President was George H. W. Bush. During Reagan's two terms as US President, the American hostages in Iran were freed, communism in the Soviet Union fell (this was symbolized by the eventual fall of the Berlin Wall separating communist East Berlin and democratic West Berlin), and US taxes were lowered.






Bush, George H. W. 
George Herbert Walker Bush (June 12, 1924 - ) was the 41st President of the United States of America. Bush was born on June 12, 1924, in Milton, Massachusetts, but spent much of his early life in Greenwich, Connecticut. He was President from 1989 until 1993; he lost his re-election bid to William (Bill) Clinton. Bush's Vice-President was James Danforth (Dan) Quayle.






Clinton, William J.
William (Bill) Jefferson Clinton (1946- ) was the 42nd President of the United States. William Jefferson Blythe IV was born on August 19, 1946, in Hope, Arkansas. Bill was born three months after his natural father died in a car accident; his mother wed Roger Clinton when Bill was four years old. Clinton served during a time of peace and prosperity. Clinton was the first Democratic president since Franklin D. Roosevelt to serve as president for two full terms (Clinton served from 1993 to 2001). In 1998 a scandal resulted in Clinton being the second president to be impeached by the House of Representatives; the Senate found him not guilty, and Clinton finished his second term. Clinton's Vice-President was Albert (Al) Gore, Jr.






Bush, George W. 
George Walker Bush (July 6, 1946 - ) was the 43rd President of the United States of America. He became President on January 20, 2001. His Vice-President was Richard Cheney. George W. Bush was born in New Haven, Connecticut, but grew up in Texas. Before becoming President, Bush served as Governor of Texas. His father, George Herbert Walker Bush, was the 41st president.







Obama, Barack
Barack Obama (born August 4, 1961) is the 44th President of the United States of America. He was first elected President on November 4, 2008 (as a Democrat), and was inaugurated on January 20, 2009. He was re-elected for a second term in 2012. His Vice-President both times was Joseph Biden. Barack Obama is the first African-American president of the USA. Obama was born in Hawaii. His father, also called Barack Obama, was from Kogelo, Kenya, Africa; his mother, Stanley Ann Dunham, was from Kansas, USA.

Obama graduated from Columbia University (1983), then worked as a community organizer in Chicago, Illinois. He graduated from Harvard Law School (1991) and was the first African-American president of the Harvard Law Review. Michelle Robinson and Obama married in 1992; they have 2 daughters. He was elected to the Illinois State Senate in 1996, 1998, and 2002 (he lost in 2000). Obama was elected to the US Senate in 2004 (Dem-IL). Barack has written two books, Dreams from My Father (1995) and The Audacity of Hope (2006). Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize in October, 2009.

 

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